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The Art Education Society and 
The Home Gardening Association 



of 



THE CLEVELAND PUBLIC SCHOOLS 




1904 



JAN 10 1905 
D.ofD, 



% 



INTRODUCTION. 



Through the pictures, statuary and casts secured and placed in the 
class rooms and halls of the eighty or more school buildings of Cleve- 
land by the Executive Committee of the Art Education Society, and 
by means of preparing the soil, planting of seeds and bulbs, cultivating 
the growing plants and gathering in the flowers under the directions 
of the Home Gardening Association, large and valuable educational 
factors or agencies have been added to the regular work of the schools. 
The one has opened the eyes of the child to all that is beautiful, ennob- 
ling and inspiring in Art, the other to the same things in nature. The 
influence of each has not only been educative, but has touched and de- 
veloped a side of the mental and spiritual life of the child that the regu- 
lar studies of the school have not reached. It is that unconscious in- 
fluence that enters into the heart and soul and makes character. These 
educative forces are no part of the schools' curriculum but, as we be- 
lieve, are a large and vital part of every pupil's education. It is not 
alone the school or the institution, but things that educate. It is with 
the view of enlarging and enriching the work of the schools that the 
Art Education Society was organized and the aid of the Home Garden- 
ing Association accepted and encouraged. 

The work of these Associations in connection with the schools of 
our city is briefly told in the booklet we present to those interested in 
the larger education of the children in our Public Schools. 

Edwin F. Moulton, 
Superintendent of Instruction. 




O (U 




BOLTON SCHOOL 
HALL 

The Art Education Society 

In the year 189() there was formed a society among the Cleveland 
teachers, known as the Cleveland Art Education Society. 

The purpose of the Society was to secure reproductions of the 
great pictures of the world, foreign and domestic views, for the use of 
the vSchools of the city, as a means of educating the children in the ap- 
preciation of the heautiful. 

The following statement from a notice sent out at the time of the 
formation of the Society explains more fully its purpose: 

"This is to be done in the belief that the good, the true and the 
beautiful are at heart one. Pictures are to be placed on the walls of 
the school rooms, not for the purpose of decoration chiefly, but as a 
means of culture through their constant, unobtrusive, helpful presence 
in the room. To have a child sit where his eyes will rest in moments 
of relaxation from s-^hool work upon one of the world's master pieces 
is to subject him to a refining and ennobling influence that will tell for 
good upon his rapidly forming character. Pictures accomplish in this 
way much tha*. is hard to reach by more direct methods. When once 
placed in the school'^, good pictures are a permanent force, influencing 
successive classes for good without further expense and without inter- 
ruption to the exerci'^es of the schools. From every point of view they 
are a desirable addition to the moral influence which the schools exert 

3 



upon pupils. When Longfellow advised his friend that he should not 
allow one day to pass without hearing good music, reading a great 
poem, or seeing" a beautiful picture, he was but repeating the famous 
saying of Goethe's in "Wilhelm Meister." 

By means of teachers' dollar membership fees, entertainments, 
lectures, etc., $G,000 was raised the first year. This movement has 
gained many ardent supporters among teachers, scholars, parents and 
other public spirited citizens, and the work has gone on steadily until 
there are now about '!,102 pictures in the schools. The total cost of the 
pictures now m the Cleveland Public Schools aggregate $27,665.65. 
For the benefit of those who are interested in the work the Constitu- 
tion of the Cleveland Societv is given below : 




BOLTON SCHOOL 
THIRD GRADE ROOM 



Thii 

Societv. 



The Cleveland Art Education Society 

CONSTITUTION 
Section I — Title 
Association shall be known as The Cleveland Art Education 



Section II — Purpose 

The purpose of this Association shall be to raise funds by volun- 
tary contributions and otherwise, and to purchase with such funds pic- 
tures, statuary and other works of art to be placed in the public school 



building's of this city, as a permanent means of culture to the successive 
classes of pupils in these schools. 

Section III. — Membership. 

The contribution of a sum not less than one dollar and the sign- 
ing of this Constitution makes the donor a member of the Society. 

Section IV. 

There shall be a Recording Secretary, whose duty it shall be to keep 
an abstract of the actions of the committees and to keep the accounts 
of the Association. He shall give bond in the sum of $1,000. 

There shall be a Treasurer of the Association who shall be elected 
by the Executive Committee and who shall not be a member of that 
body. He shall have sole charge of the funds of the Association and 
pay out the same on authority of the Purchasing Committee, approved 
by the Chairman of the Executive Committee. He shall give bond in 
such sum as shall be satisfactory to the Executive Committee. 

Section V. — Constitution of Committees. 

There shall be an Executive Committee composed of the principals 
of the different district and high schools of the city, the Special Su- 
pervisors, General Supervisors, Superintendent of Instruction and the 
School Director. The Superintendent of Instruction shall be ex-officio 
chairman of the Executive Committee. The members of the School 
Council shall be ex-ofificio honorary members of the Executive Com- 
mittee. 

The Executive Committee shall define the general policy of the 
Association, decide upon a general list of works to be purchased, and 
devise methods of raising money to promote the ends of the Associa- 
tion. It shall hold such meetings during the school year as the neces- 
sities of the work devolving upon it shall make necessary. The Chair- 
man of the Executive Committee may at any time call a meeting of 
the Committee, and he shall do so when he is requested by five members 
of the Committee. 

There shall be a Purchasing Committee which shall consist of 
five persons. The Superintendent of Instruction and the Supervisor 
of Drawing in the Public Schools shall be ex-officio members of this 
Committee. The other three members shall be elected by the members 
of the Executive Committee from their own number at the first meet- 
ing of this body in each year ; and each person so elected shall serve 
three years from date of election and until his successor shall have been 
duly elected ; provided that in the first election, one member shall be 

5 



designated to serve one year, one two years, and one three years ; so 
that thereafter one only shall be elected each year. 

The Purchasing Committee shall have exclusive power to select 
and purchase pictures within the general limits agreed upon by the 
Executive Committee, and to distribute them to the buildings entitled 
to the same. This Committee shall have power to incur necessary ex- 
penses, and no bill shall be paid by the Treasurer unless signed by the 
Chairman of the Executive Committee, the Chairman of this Commit- 
tee and the Secretary of the Society. The collectors shall report to the 
Secretary and turn over the money they collect to him. The Secre- 
tary shall deposit the moneys with the Treasurer. 

Section VI. 

The supervisors, principals and teachers of the public schools who 
are members of the Society are authorized solicitors of subscriptions 
to the funds of the Association, to act under rules established by the 
Executive Committee. 

Sf.ction VII. 

Amendments to this Constitution may be made, or By-Laws may 
be adopted, at any meeting of which due notice has been given, by a 
two-thirds vote of the members of the Executive Committee present 
at such meeting. 




BROADWAY SCHOOL 
THIRD GRADE ROOM 



List of Pictures in the School Buildings of Cleveland 
Public Schools. 



Reproductions of Foreign and American Painting.', Water Colors, Etc. 



Aurora. 

Lady Washington's Reception. 

History of the Law. 

Washington and His Generals. 

Sir Galahad. 

Prophets from Boston Lihrary. 

Dutch Windmill. 

Courtship of Miles Standish. 

The Gleaners. 

Reading from Homer. 

Dance of the Nymphs. 

Leaving the Hills. 

Spring. 

One Hundredth Psalm. 

Landscape. 



Saved. 

Baby Stewart. 

A Little Child Shall Lead Them. 

Sheep. 

By the Riverside. 

Christ and the Doctors. 

Sistine Madonna. 

Brittany Sheep. 

Dignity and Independence. 

The Red Deer at Chillingham. 

St. Bernard Dog in the Snow. 

Queen Louise. 

Fairyland. 

Rounding the Herd. 

Water Color. 




}!R()AIJ\\AV SCHOOL 
EIGHTH GRADE ROO.M 



Dog. 

Connoisseurs. 
St. Cecilia. 
Pharaoh's Horses. 
Stewart Family. 
Angel Heads. 
Hour of Rest. 
The Shepherdess. 
Greedy Calves. 
Dutch Landscape. 
The Rainbow. 



Lincoln and His Cabinet. 

American Poets. 

The Golden Stair. 

Christ and the Rich Young Ruler. 

Head of Christ. 

Madonna. 

Tlie Angelus. 

The Return of the Shepherds. 

Swift and Stella. 

The Child Handel. 

The Return of the Mayflower. 




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John Alden and Priscilla. 

A Member of the Humane Society. 

Choir Boys. 

Nydia. 

Highland Cattle. 

The Forest Pasture. 

Group of Musical Composers. 

The Pointers. 

Piper and Nut-Crackers. 

The Nativity. 

Christ Blessing Little Children. 

The Two Alonarchs. 

Summer Landscape. 

A Pastoral Scene. 

Lost. 

The Good Shepherd. 

Summertime. 

On the Heath. 

The Awakening. 

The Country Road. 

Group of Sheep. 

For Man Must Work. 

The Summer Shower. 

On the Farm. 

Durham Cattle. 

Kentucky Home. 

The Forest. 

Indigence. 

The Bridge. 

A iMountain Picture. 

Christmas Chimes. 

Greek Maidens. 

Hiawatha and ^linnehaha. 

The Cows at the Brook. 

Feeding the Chickens. 



The Playmates. 

The Cherubs. 

The Horse Fair. 

Group of Animals. 

The Smithy. 

Play-time. 

Three Kittens. 

Love and Jealousy. 

Meditation. 

At the Ferry. 

Summer Morning. 

Cows. 

The Dance of the Muses. 

A Lazy Hour. 

The Sheep Fold. 

Ruth. 

The Guardian Angel. 

Ocean Waves. 

A Forest Interior. 

American Flag. 

The Knitting Shepherdess. 

Children of the Shell. 

Favorite Horse and Dog. 

Three Members of a Temperance Society. 

Can't You Talk? 

Priscilla Spinning. 

Song of the Lark. 

The Helping Hand. 

Escaped Cow. 

The Wanderers. 

Maud Muller. 

O'er Crag and Torrent. 

At Mid-day Rest. 

Scotch Cattle. 

The Deer Pass. 




CLARK SCHOOL 
HALL 



The Brookside. 

I Hear a Voice. 

Grace Darling. 

Return of the Flock. 

Washington Crossing the Delaware. 

Signing of the Peace Protocol. 

Stag at Bay. 

The Harvest Moon. 

Handel Playing at Night. 

Fisher Girl. 

Gathering Flowers. 

On the Prairie. 

Watering the Cattle. 

In the Barnyard. 

Children of Charles I. 

Pulling Weeds. 



Morning. 

Ploughing. 

Priscilla. 

Madonna and Child. 

Christ Face. 

Friends. 

Her Pets. 

Partners. 

Pilgrims Going to Church. 

Joan of Arc. 

Head of Lorna Doone. 

The Sanctuary. 

Deer Pass. 

The Return of the Gleaners. 

Spielende Kinder. 

A Dead Heat. 




' DENISON SCHOOL 
FIRST GRADE ROOM 

First Steps. 

Fairy Tale. 

A Writing Lesson. 

Divine Shepherd. 

Holy Night. 

St. John and the Lamb. 

Pilgrim Exiles. 

Innocence. 

St. Anthony. 

The Sunshine of His Heart. 

Wait a Minute. 

Leaving the Hills. 

Fra Angelico's Angels. 

Origin and History of Our Flag. 

Hay Making. 

First Lesson. 

Summer. 



Friends or Foes. 
Saved. 

Queen Alexandra and Her Dog. 
The Empty Chair. 
When the Heart is Young. 
Study in Roses. 
Oxen Ploughing. 
Boyhood of Lincoln. 
Feeding the Birds. 
The Infant Samuel. 
Haying Time. 
The Lord of the Glen. 
The Prophets. 
Yankee Doodle. 
The Two Travelers. 

Watt Discovering the Condensation of 
Steam. 



10 



Return of tlie Fishing Boats. 

Straits of Ballachulish. 

■Countess Potocka. 

The First Blow for Liberty. 

Absorbed in Robinson Crusoe. 

The Hours. 

Shaw Memorial. 

Scotch Cattle. 

Young England and His Sister. 

Highland Solitude. 

Listening to the Fairies. 

Grant at the Front. 

Vision of St. Anthony. 

Home Sweet Home. 

Helping Mother. 

Society of Friends. 



Detail of the Sistine Cherubs. 

The French Shepherd. 

Return of Napoleon. 

Cicero Denouncing Catiline. 

A Merry Heart. 

Modern St. Cecilia. 

Out for a Sail. 

Take a Bite. 

Holland Woman Spinning. 

The Faithful Scholar. 

St. Anthony's Vision (Detail). 

Mother's Care. 

The Balloon. 

Rembrandt. 

Sheep Pen. 

The Wrestler. 




DETROIT SCHOOL 
EIGHTH GRADE ROO.M 



Leaving the Hills. 

Lord of All I Survey. 

Victor of the Glen. 

Lions at Home. 

Arab Horseman. 

Marine Scene. 

Mother Goose. 

Bull. 

Rest in the Flight to Egypt. 

Haarlem. 

Over Snow Fields Waste and Pathless. 

Landscape and Children Dancing. 

Portrait of a Lady. 

A Norman Sire. 

Marine View. 

The Flower Girl. 

The Pit. 



Going Over the Hills. 

In Harvest Time. 

The End of the Harvest. 

Cow. 

Water Carrier. 

Lady of the Lake. 

Imperial Courier. 

Goose Girl. 

Couriers of Napoleon. 

St. John the Baptist. 

Christ Blessing Little Children. 

Music. 

Inspiration. 

Storm on the Mountain. 

Age and Youth. 

Return from Horse Fair. 

Immaculate Conception. 



11 




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Song. 

Innocence. 

Mother's Birthday. 

Waifs. 

After the Storm. 

Four Seals — America. Europe, Asia. 

The Lake. 

Returning From Work. 

In the Cow- Yard. 

Sunday in Sleepy Hollow. 

Day Dreams. 

Washington at Valley Forge. 

Woods in Autumn. 

Shakespeare and His Friends. 

St. John and the Christ Child. 

Sistine Madonna (Detail). 



The Lone Wolf. 
The Prize Calf. 
Shoeing the Horse. 
The Pet Bird. 
Morning. 
Africa. Night. 

The Lone Watcher. 
Detail from Holy Night. 
A Helping Hand. 
Lion. 

The Farewell. 

First Reading of the Emancipation Proc- 
lamation. 
The ^Midnight Challenge. 
Drafting the Declaration of Independence. 
Sheep in a Storm. 




E.'\ST .MADISON SCHOOL 
HALL 



Apparition to Shepherds. 

The Angels' Choir. 

The Three Good-byes. 

In the Country. 

The Last Supper. 

The Jester. 

Madam Le Brun. 

Washington and His Mother. 

The Milkmaid. 

The Serenade. 

The Presidents. 

The Caravels. 

Guardians of the Temple. 

Evangeline. 

Dog and Woodcock. 

Peace. 

The Cross Walk. 



Steady. 

The Heart of the Black Forest. 

Left Outside. 

Sunshine. 

Prize Jerseys. 

Come Back Soon. 

Peasant Life. 

The Haunted Castle. 

Prayer in the Forest. 

Scotch Raid. 

Animals. 

Dutch Boy. 

Woodland Mother. 

After Work. 

Hope. 

Flight of the Night. 

Justice. 

13 



Nursery. 

Fisherman. 

Mountains. 

First Music Lesson. 

Child's Head. 

Neapolitan Boy. 

Children at Spring. 

Restless Sea. 

The Two Farewells. 

The River Bank. 

Meadow Pool. 

Shepherd's Lane. 

Hosea. 

At the Watering Trough. 

The Halt in the Desert. 

The Young Musicians. 



A Tug of War. 

The Flower Girl. 

The Mill Wheel. 

Brazello. 

Dutch Fishing Boats. 

Baffled. 

Falling Leaves. 

The Rose. 

Return of the Reapers. 

The Zither Player. 

The First Born. 

Love is Blind. 

Milton Dictating Samson Agonistes. 

Vestal Virgin. 

Music. 

The Children of the Fisherman. 




GORDON SCHOOL 
STAIRWAY 



The Brook. 

Richelieu and His Cats. 

Scotland Forever. 

The Milk Maid. 

Dutch Interior. 

Old Mill. 

Study. 

At the Pool. 

Drop. 

Live and Let Live. 

Shepherdess and Cattle. 

Legend of the Lakes. 

Tiger. 

The Two Travelers. 

Washington and His Generals. 

The Constitution. 

Longfellow and His Study. 



Death of the Stag. 

The Church in Winter. 

Silent Prayer. 

Child Samuel Praying. 

The Love Token. 

The Acquittal. 

Christmas Eve Wengeline. 

The Guardian Angel. 

The Apple of Paris. 

Evening. 

On the Potapsco. 

Evening Shadows. 

Asleep. 

Easter Lilies. 

A Noble Charger. 

Then the Faries Went to Bed. 

The Contented Flock. 



14 



Girl with Apple. 

The Frigate Constitution. 

The Weavers. 

Beech Trees. 

Dogs Heads. 

A Norman Girl. 

Puss at Bay. 

Swiss Scene. 

Boy and Horses. 

King Charles' Spaniels. 

Proclamation. 

Cloister Supper. 

Battle Oi Lexington. 

Kings of the Desert. 

Shady Pool. 

Early JVIodes of Travel. 



Water Color. 
Odin. 

Order of the Bath. 
Annunciation. 
On the Prairie. 
Mary. 
Puppies. 
Goodnight. 
Sheridan's Charge. 
Evolution of the Brook. 
Shetland Ponies. 
The Knights. 
Friends of the Chase. 
Sale of Pet Lamh. 
Motherless. 
Franklin at the Court of France. 




KIXS.MAN SCHOOL 
FIRST (iRADE ROO.M 

The Watch Dog. 

Evolution of the Pen. 

Two Little Braves. 

Indian Head. 

Congress, 1850. 

Surrender of Cornwallis. 

Playing with Grandpa. 

Spring Blossoms. 

Landscape With Mill. 

To the Rescue. 

Devils' Slide. 

King Arthur. 

Augustus. 

Longfellow's Children. 

Shakespeare and His Friends. 

Augustine Age. 

Sunset. 



Queen Victoria's Children. 

Inquietude. 

Adrift. 

The Melon Eaters. 

In the Meadow. 

Going to Work. 

Surrender of Lee. 

A Puritan Sabbath. 

The Nearest Way Home. 

The Sick Monkey. 

A Fascinating Tale. 

I Cut it With My Hatchet. 

The Girl and Cat. 

Give Us This Day Our Daily Bread. 

Spare the Weeds. 

Industry. 

Waiting for the Master. 



15 






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Coming from the Fair. 

Princes in the Tower. 

Cherry Girl. 

A Sure Catch. 

The Blessing. 

Berkshire Hills. 

Young and Old Glory. 

Pansy Party. 

Disgrace in the Family. 

Puritans. 

Watchers bv the Sea. 

A, B, C. 

Prince Balthazar. 

Thoroughbred. 

Egyptian Scene. 

Magdalene. 



Arab Outposts. 

Law. 

St. Michael and Dragon. 

The Return to the Farm. 

Crosswalk of the Dominicians. 

Mother Goose Rhymes. (Ten pictures). 

Equestrian Picture of Washington. 

A Wee Bit Anxious. 

French Battle Scene. 

The Class. 

French Officer. 

Hunting Dogs. 

Peasant Scene. 

Child With Dogs. 

Not to be Caught by Chaff. 

Morning Greeting. 




I.INXOLX SCHOOL 
ASSE.MBLY ROOM 

St. Pernard Puppies. 

Return to Port. 

Breaking to Port. 

Breaking Home Ties. 

El Capitan. 

Wharf Rats. 

Death of General Warren. 

Struggle for Liberty. 

Death of Andre. 

Columbus in Chains. 

School Dismissed. 

Hans Sachs and Albrecht Durer. 

Landseer and Dogs. 

St. Cecilia, Peter and John. 

Santa Marie. 

Battle of Lake Erie. 

Choosing the Casket. 



Prize Horses. 

In the Morning. 

Love Rules. 

Ducks. 

Chickens. 

January, February. March. 

April, May, June. 

Autumn. 

Summer. 

Mother and Child. 

Waiting for the Mistress. 

The Sower. 

The Three Dogs. 

In Der Mutter Schutz. 

His Heart's Delight. 

October. 

The Holy Family. 

17 



Law Panel. 

Iphigenia. 

The Wounded Lamb. 

Affection. 

Kiss Me. 

Horses in Storm. 

Star of Bethlehem. 

Group of Inventors. 

Lincoln in His Study. 

Washington in His Study. 

■Grandfather and Child. 

Holland Children. 

The Old Pedagogue. 

Winter Scene. 

Roman Senate. 

Ave Domina. 

Ave Regina. 

Lead Kindly Light. 

See-Saw. 

The Golden Harvest. 



Oranges and Lemons. 

Good Morning Grandma. 

Maternal Cares. 

Wintertag. 

The Flag of France. 

Happy Days. 

Day Dreams. 

Undecided. 

Rebecca at the Well. 

Divine Inspiration. 

Caritas. 

Old Friends. 

Foundling Girls. 

Chorister Boys. 

Alderney. 

Princess Mary. 

Beethoven and His Friends. 

Battleship "Iowa." 

Interior of a Mosque — Old Cairo. 




QUINCY SCHOOL 
HALL 



Places and Objects of Interest — Foreign and American. 



Temple of Philae. 

Coliseum. 

Grand Canal. 

St. Marks. 

Arch of Constantine. 

St. Angelo and Bridge. 

Roman Forum. 

Courts of Borgello. 

Cathedral of Milan. 

Venice. 

Niagara Falls. 



Amiens Cathedral. 
The Court of Lions. 
Pyramids and Sphynx. 
Garden of the Gods. 
Yosemite. 

Stratford-on-Avon. 
Capitol of Washington. 
Mt. Vernon. 
The Rialto. 
Cologne Cathedral. 
Castle of St. Angelo. 



Castle of Chillon. 

The Doge's Palace. 

Interlaken. 

The Royal Gorge. 

Old Curiosity Shop. 

Lion of Lucerne. 

Geisbach Falls. 

Lake Geneva and Chillon. 

Stotzenfels — Castle of the Rhine. 

Congres.'^ional Library. 

The Parthenon. 

Rome. 

St. Peters. 

Exeter Cathedral. * 

Salisbury Cathedral. 

Arch of Triumph, Paris. 



Minute-Alan. 

Entrance to Grand Canal. 

Venetian Scene. 

Scene on the Nile River. 

Vispach Falls and Matterhorn. 

Isle of Philae. 

Interior of St. Marks. 

Florentine Interior. 

St. Mark's Square. 

Lucerne. 

Marine View. 

Arch of Titus. 

Cloisters of St. Paul's. 

Kenilworth Castle. 

Court of St. Marks. 

Matterhorn and Grindelwald. 





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SACKETT SCHOOL 
HALL 



Mt. Blanc. 

Scene in Holland. 

Lake San Cristoral. 

The Lake. 

A Swiss Scene. 

Durham Cathedral. 

The Jungfrau. 

Where Shakespeare Sleeps. 

The Rockies. 

The Alhambra. 

Grand Canal by Moonlight. 

Bridge of Sighs. 

Venetian Scene. 

Eiger, Monch and Jungfrau. 

Tiber River Scene. 

Acropolis. 

Second Tunnel Grand River Canyon, 



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Axenstrasse. 
Yosemite Valley. 
Alission, San Juan. 
Mission Santa Barbara. 
Piazetta (Moonlight). 
Alhambra, Hall of Justice. 
Canon of Arizona. 

Panorama del Molo Gondola (Venetian). 
St. George's Island (Venetian). 
Venice by Moonlight. 
Westminster Abbey (Poet's Corner). 
Ruins of Erechtheum. 
Equestrian Frieze from Parthenon. 
Vandramin Palace, Grand Canal. 
Panorama of Wharf with Gondola. 
Piazetta with Columns and Isle o) 
St. George. 



19 



The Arkansas Canon. 

Tell's Chapel, Lake Lucerne. 

View on the Rhine, Near Bingen. 

Moonlight in Sweden. 

Scene in Holland. 

Convent. 

Valley of Lauterbrunnen. 

The Circus Maximus. 

Anne Hathaway Cottage. 

Home of Shakespeare. 

Campanille. 

Door of St. Marks. 

Tomb of Hadrian. 

Yosemite Falls. 

The Heart of the Black Forest. 

Bluffs of Green River. 



Mt. Blanc. 

Jerusalem. 

Constantinople. 

Scene in Delhi — India. 

Valley of the Rhone. 

Old Gate of the Alhambra. 

Gateway to the Garden of the Gods. 

Strasburg Cathedral. 

Cloister Interior. 

Entrance to St. Marks. 

House of Parliament — London. 

Abbotsford. 

Heidelberg Castle. 

Lexington Monument. 

Ellen's Isle. 

Falls of the Yellowstone. 




SIBLEY SCHOOL 
EIGHTH GRADE ROOM 



Scene in Rotterdam. 

Glacier. 

Concord Bridge. 

Old Ironsides. 

Mt. Shasta. 

Temple of Jupiter. 

Tower Bridge. 

Headlands of Maine. 

Delaware Gap. 

Newport Harbor. (Etching). 

Colioni Statue (Venice). 

Notre Dame Cathedral. 

Crypt of Santa Maria Novello. 

Tower Falls. 

Along the Rhine. 

Geysers. 

Scene in Germany. 



Venetian Portico. 

Morning in Holland. 

Interior of Monastery. 

Garden of the Gods. 

London Bridge. 

Bunker Hill Monument. 

Faneuil Hall. 

Western Wheat Field. 

View of the Rocky Mountains. 

Narrow Canal — Venice. 

Canal in Holland. 

Crevasse. 

Sapphire Hot Spring, Yellowstone Park; 

Inspiration Point. 

Pike's Peak. 

The Paint Pot, Yellowstone Park. 

The Midnight Sun. 



20 



Lick Observatorj-. 
Warwick Castle. 
Longfellow's Home. 
Scenes from Scott. 
Birthplace of General Grant. 
Birthplace of Whittier. 
Birthplace of Lowell. 
Home of Lincoln. 
Home of Longfellow. 
Home of Bryant. 
Court in Florence. 
Old Faithful. 
Canterbury Cathedral. 
The IMatterhorn Top. 
American Falls — Niagara. 
The Chamouni Valley. 
Snow-Capped ^lountain. 
Balance Rock. 
Ponte Vecchio. 
Street in Nice. 
Whirlpool Rapids. 
Taj Mahal. 
Durham Cathedral. 



The Colosseum (Interior). 

The Colosseum (Exterior). 

Hawthorne's Home. 

Facade of Notre Dame. 

Scene on the Avon. 

Burns' Home. 

Palatine Hill. 

Lu Chine Valley. 

View on the Nile. 

Lutschinen Falls (Upper). 

Lutschinen Falls (Lower). 

Rialto on Festival Day (Colored). 

Canal Through Arches. 

Grand Canal From Corner of Palace. 

Rivo de Georgio. 

Norman Fiord. 

The Rhine Falls from Schaffhausen. 

In and Around Boston. 

The Piazzetta. 

Cathedral of Milan. 

Giotto's Tower. 

Court of Lions — Alhambra. 




SIBLEY SCHOOL 
STAIRWAY 



21 




22 



Statuary, Including Casts and Busts. 



David. 

Abraham Lincoln. 

William McKinley. 

Charles Sumner. 

Louis Agassiz. 

Benjamin Franklin. 

Apollo Belvidere. 

Diana. 

Hermes. 

John Greenleaf Whittier. 

George Washington. 

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. 

William Cullen Bryant. 

Froebel. 

Mendelssohn. 



Christopher Columbi'.s. 

Ulysses S. Grant. 

Buffalo Bill. 

Minerva. 

Laughing Boy. 

Singing Boys. 

Morning and Night. 

Hebe. 

Athlete. 

Maid of Lisle. 

Dying Gladiator. 

Venus de Milo. 

Mozart. 

Night. 

Victorv of Samothrace. 




SOUTH CASE SCHOOL 
HALL 



Goethe. 

Schiller. 

Venus. 

Angel Heads. 

Mercury. 

William Shakespeare. 

Sir Walter Scott. 

Beethoven. 

The Young Augustus. 

Hector and Andromache. 

Cupid and Venus. 

Fidelity. 

Immortality. 

Alfred Tennyson. 

William E. Gladstone. 

James A. Garfield. 



Phalanthus and Ethia. 

Liszt. 

Peasant Group. 

Moses. 

Wagner. 

Shield of Achiles. 

Equestrian Picture of Washington. 

Diana and the Stag. 

Judgment of Paris. 

Marriage of Cupid and Psyche. 

Cupid. 

Lincoln Monument. 

Dante. 

Lion. 

Greek Water Carriers. 

Columbus Sighting Land. 



23 




o 
o 

O H 

« 
O 

a 
^- 



•7j 



0< 



24 



Portraits. 



George Washington. 

Abraham Lincohi. 

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. 

Mozart. 

George and Alartha Washington. 

George Dewey. 

Harvey Rice. 

Gutenberg. 

James Russell Lowell. 

Oliver W'endell Holmes. 



John ]\Iilton. 

Pope. 

Addison. 

Alice and Phoebe Carey. 

Portrait of the Bust of Homer. 

Grant and Family. 

Sir Walter Scott. 

Julia Ward Howe. 

Alice and Phoebe Carey and Louise Alcott. 

Irving. 




tre.mont .school 
poet's corner 



P^m arson. 

Raphael. 

Hawthorne. 

Harriet Beecher Stowe. 

John Greenleaf Whittier. 

William Shakespeare. 

William Cullen Bryant. 

Byron. 

Oliver Goldsmith. 

Thomas Moore. 



General Sherman. 
Jefferson and Lincoln. 
Christopher Columbus. 
Queen Louise. 
U. S. Grant. 
William E. Gladstone. 
Daniel Webster. 
Alfred Tennyson. 
American Poets — Panel. 



25 




to « 



26 



An Account of The Home Gardening 
Association 



" The Garden glows, 

And 'gainst its walls the city's heart still beats; 
And^out from it, each summer wind that blows 

Carries sweetness to the tired streets." 



1904 



OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION. 

J 904. 

E. W. Haines, President. 

Charles Orr, Treasurer. 

Lncy B. Buell, Secretary. 



Publication, 
Starr Cadwallader, 

Lucy B. Buell, 
Rose L. McCoart, 



Committees. 



Lectures, 

E. W. Haines, 

Rose L. McCoart, 

Emma C. Davis. 



Flow^er Shows, 

Charles Orr, 

Howard J. Strong. 



School Gardens, 

E. W. Haines, 

Starr Cadwallader, 

Emma C. Davis. 



Trees and Their Preservation, 
Harriet L. Keeler, 
E. W. Haines. 



The Home Gardening Association of the Cleveland 
Public Schools. 

"One call of the present time is "back to nature." It is a cheery- 
invitation. Multitudes 2:0 from the city every year to enjoy for a time 
the delights of the country. Other larger multitudes must stay behind 
in cramped quarters where there is plenty of smoke and dust, but little 
to suggest the beauty of the fields and woods. The Home Gardening 
Association has pointed out a way to make the city wilderness bloom, 
to cause flowers to blossom in the smallest spaces. This has been done 
in order that those who can not go to nature may have a touch of it 
near at hand."' 

The Association, broadly stated, includes in its membership all of 
the teachers and most of the pupils of our elementary schools, and, it 
might be added, many of the parents. It is an instrumentality of great- 
est eiTectiveness in the education of the individual and of the com- 
munity as well ; it is an influence of great power in the improvement of 
environment and affords occasion for activities both physical and spir- 
itual. 

The history of the Association, a statement of its aim and pur- 
poses, and a record of its achievements as found in the following ac- 
count will corroborate this statement of its value. This account will 
consist mainly of liberal extracts from the four annual reports of the 
Association, and also from an article in The Outlook in which Mr. 
Starr Cad wall ader gave an account of the work of this Association. 

As the initial steps in the organization of any movement are of the 
most importance, the first annual report will be largely culled from. It 
says : 

"The pioneer in this movement is the Home Gardening Club of 
Goodrich House Social Settlement. This Club based its work on the 
theory that by individual efforts much valuable work can be done in 
the way of beautifying home surroundings, and that if each household 
performed its part in this work the beauty of orderliness and cleanli- 
ness would soon assert its supremacy over the disorder, dirt and debris 
which too often holds sv\'ay in crowded neighborhoods. That this 
theory has been worked out into practical results, is attested by the 

29 



changed aspect of much of the district in the neighborhood of Good- 
rich House. At first it seemed a very unpromising experiment as the 
district was one of greatest density of population. The blight of smoke 
and soot of neighboring factories was over all, and moreover while 
many people love flowers few are they who are willing to work against 
odds for a bit of bloom. 

But undeterred by these considerations, Mr. E. W. Haines, a busy 
business man, organized a little group of people at Goodrich House into 
a neighborhood club for the cultivation of flowers at their homes ; and 
from this small beginning has grown up a movement wide-spread and 
far-reaching in its influence and results. 

To the founder of this Club, and the promoter of the work in the 
schools is due the credit for the wonderful success of the Association, 
his fertility of resource, his unfailing enthusiasm and the untiring 
efforts he has devoted to the forwarding of the enterprise and the ex- 
tension of its scope, has, in largest degree contributed to the life and 

success of the movement. 

To the principals and teachers of the Public Schools, the com- 
munity is also greatly ind-r^bted, for without their hearty co-operation 
and the earnest efforts they made to extend the work, the movement 
could not have attained its present measure of success. 

The workers of Goodrich House, having been successful in awak- 
ening an interest in the culture of flowers among their neighborhood 
people, conceived the idea of extending the work and reaching many 
neighborhoods through the public school children. The president of the 
Club presented the matter to the Superintendent of Schools, who heart- 
ily concurred in the plan. On February 23rd, 1900, a joint meeting 
of the officers of the Goodrich House Club and a committee of public 
school officials was held at Goodrich House. The result of the meeting 
was that a committee consisting of public school officers and teachers 
was appointed to carry on the work in the public schools, and another 
committee from the Goodrich House Club was appointed to have 
charge of buying and distributing seeds. 

The matter was presented to the teachers and pupils by means of a 
circular sent out from the office of the superintendent of instruction. 
It met with the hearty approval and co-operation of the teaching force. 
The plan adopted was to supply penny packages of easily grown flow- 
ering annuals, to be sold to such pupils in the primary grades as 
wished to purchase them. A choice of nine varieties named below was 
given, and when the returns came it was found that nearly fifty thou- 
sand packages had been asked for. 

30 




ROCKWELL SCHOOL YARD 
OPPOSITE GOODRICH HOUSE 



31 



The time was auspicious for the introduction of the work because 
it correlated with the language lessons, which at this season were plan- 
ned largely on the study of trees and plants. 

In the circular sent out by Miss Davis it was suggested that teach- 
ers should give short talks upon the preparation of soil, time for plant- 
ing, effects of sunshine and shade upon plants, proper time for watering 
them, etc., and that these talks should both precede and be concurrent 
with the planting of the seeds. On each package were printed full di- 
rections to the child, which also served as hints for some of these talks. 

May lith a second meeting was held at Goodrich House. It was 
reported at this time 48,868 packages sold to the children. The presi- 
dent reported as to the quantity of seeds used : 

37| lbs. of Four-o'clocks. 17 lbs. of Larkspur. 

42^ lbs. of Nasturtium. 19| lbs. of Coreopsis. 

15^ lbs. of Zinnias. 15 lbs. of Marigolds. 

33 lbs. of Morning-Glory. 13 lbs. of Calendula. 

13| bs. of Batchelor's-Buttons. Total 206^ lbs. 

The sale of the penny packages covered all expenses ; the cost of 
seeds, envelopes, putting them up, and printing. 

The Association were also enabled to send to Hiram House and 
Alta House, Cleveland ; Kingsley House, Pittsburg, Penn., and West- 
minster House, Buffalo, AT. Y., four thousand two hundred thirty- 
eight packages that were not called for by the pupils. 

On June 6th a circular was sent out by the committee suggesting 
that the teachers remind the pupils that at the beginning of the next 
school year in September, they would like a report of the success of 
their seed planting, and that a day might be set apart for a Flower 
Show, enabling the children to bring whatever available plants or 
flowers they had raised through the summer vacation. 

On September 27th, ?. notice was sent out from the office asking 
the teachers of the schools where seeds had been distributed last spring 
to kindly ascertain how successful the children had been in the grow- 
ing of the flowers through the summer. The committee asked that the 
teachers send reports, and added that it would be very inspiring to 
hear that a Flower Show had been held at the building. In pursuance 
of this request, the Principals handed in reports of what had been ac- 
complished in the several buildings, and it was very gratifying and 
encouraging to learn that the experiment had been a success. 

Perhaps the greatest good accomplished was in the efforts of the 
children to make others happy with their flowers. One little fellow 

32 



told how when friends called he "picked all his flowers and gave them 
to the people, and the next morning they'd be all in bloom again." He 
was giving, perhaps unwittingly, an illustration of the beautiful hymn, 
"Ceasing to give, we cease to have, such is the law of love." Many re- 
ported flowers sent institi^tions, to friends and sick people, absent 
scholars, accompanied by personal letters. 

The following two letters, taken at random, will show the attitude 
of the children. They were written by children who come from en- 
vironment of great limitations : 

Cleveland, C. October 19, 1900. 
My Dear Miss IV : 

I am going to write a few lines about the seeds I planted. 

You know I bought five cents' worth of seeds from the school 
when I was in your room last year. I planted mv seeds and they grew 
very nice, indeed. I watered them every day. They are going to seed 
now. The four-o'clocks seed that I did not pick off the ground are 
beginning to grow already. What do you think of that ? 

When the Principal wanted the children to pick a bouquet of their 
flowers I brought a big bunch. 

Your last year's scholar, 

Ethel Dunton. 

4 Broad St., Ceveland, O., October 18, 1900. 
Dear Miss H : 

I will tell you how I succeeded with the seeds that I got in June. 
They did not grow at all. I watered them and did everything I could 
to make them grow. I was waiting for them to grow, but they did 
not. They were larkspurs, and I think they would have been very 
pretty if X\\<c\ had grown. Your loving friend, 

Ruth Singer. 

The blessed optimism of youth ! 

A report from one of ihe Principals will give an idea of the inter- 
est and delight that was taken in the Flower Show that was held in 
many of the schools : 

"The hall of South Case School was made a bright place Friday, 
October 5th, by the flower show of the little gardeners. 

"The vases of flowers were on the tables grouped around the sta- 
tue of Minerva, in the center of the hall. The primary schools, as 
highly interested parties, rame out for special views of the display. 
Most of the exhibits were labeled with the name of the exhibitor. One 
hundred children were represented in the display, and the flowers were 
sent after school to the hospital." 

33 



"The summer past and the flower shows over, it became a matter 
of prime importance to keep alive the spark of interest during the win- 
ter so that it could be easily kindled into enthusiasm for renewed ef- 
fort at the return of the spring," states the account in the Outlook. 
"This was done in two ways : by a series of illustrated lectures and the 
distribution of bulbs. About three thousand bulbs were imported, and 
after being properly potted were sent out to be grown in the school 
rooms. 

The illustrated lectures given by Mr. W. H. Moulton, Secretary 
of the Industrial Committee of the Chamber of Commerce, proved 
most attractive. The admission was entirely free, tickets being dis- 
tributed by the pupils to the patrons of the schools, and by this means 
the parents were brought into sympathy with the Association and their 
co-operation secured. For, from first to last, there was never any lack 
of an audience. Parents as well as children were anxious to see and 
hear. 

Wherever possible the lectures were given in the school buildings 
and consisted of stereopticon pictures with their explanations. These 
included views of beautiful and famous gardens in Italy, Germany, 
France, England and America ; also views of home gardens showing 
how a few cents expended in seeds and a little work, can transform a 
barren, unattractive vard into a bower of beauty. 

The lecturer also took occasion to bring out the way in which 
seeds should be planted and cared for, and emphasized also the possible 
arrangement of plants to exhibit to best advantage their size and color. 
The growing c|ualities of the various seeds were also mentioned. The 
illustrations included not only artistic arrangements of form and color 
secured in famous gardeus by skilled workmen, but also results ob- 
tained by those who planted the seeds distributed by the Association 
the previous year. To these were added pictures of the flower shows 
in the schools. Interest centered in the pictures of these flower shows. 
The desirability of making a flower show in each school was men- 
tioned." 

In April, 1901, the second sale of seeds was made in the schools. 
At this time the choice v.as increased from nine to fifteen varieties, 
and the privilege of buying was extended to the pupils of the Gram- 
mar as well as the Primary Grades. 

In the selling and giving away of seeds care was taken that they 
should not go where they would interfere with dealers who are in the 
business for a fair profit. That the dealers have been no losers through 
the Home Gardening Association is evident from the fact that they 

34 




35 



report an increased sale o+' both bulbs and seeds, which increase they 
themselves attribute to the increased interest in flowers which has been 
awakened. 

The many small gardens springing up all over the city are also a 
sure sign of the widespread interest that has been aroused. 

That the flowers did not thrive equally well in all parts of the city 
is true, but there was no locality in which some degree of success was 
not attained. Even in the crowded manufacturing districts, where 
smoke, soot and scarcity of room were hindrances to great success, 
there was many a little garden of bright flowers, beautiful because of 
the care expended on it bv some untrained childish hand. 

In many cases the little garden planted and cared for so tenderly 
was the one bright spot in the home, bringing a touch of comfort and 
cheer to the household and exerting an elevating influence on their 
lives. 

The year 1901 and 1302 was signalized by two new features of 
the work. The most important of these was that of beautifying the 
grounds of the Rockwell street school. To accomplish this it was nec- 
essary to secure the consent of the school authorities, and to provide a 
playground equal in size to the plot to be planted. This ground was 
found to be available m the rear of lots immediately adjoining the 
school. The owners of the ground. Case School of Applied Science, 
through its Board of Trustees, made an offer of this ground for the 
nominal rental of $110.00 per year, which was accepted. Public-spir- 
ited citizens were asked to contribute the necessary funds, and a suffi- 
cient sum was readily subscribed. A leading landscape gardener gen- 
erously gave his time and experience in preparing the grounds and 
superintending the work of planting. The result was all that could be 
expected, taking into account the obstacles to be overcome due to at- 
mospheric and other conditions in this neighborhood. The space se- 
lected, the Bond street front, was sodded and many hardy flowering 
shrubs planted, which soon formed a pleasing and refreshing fore- 
ground for this rather dingy building. The school council has agreed 
to pay the rental of the playground for the coming year, and the 
ground now planted is to be kept in order during the coming year. 
Friends of this work have contributed over 1,000 bulbs, which were 
set out in the beds last fall. 

The second of these new features is the first experiment of the 
Association in the way of a school garden. The trustees of Case 
School gave the use of the ground on the corner of Rockwell and 
Wood streets and this was planted mainly with the common flowers 

36 




37 



such as were distributed tlirough the schools. An unfavorable season 
prevented a complete success, but during the months of September and 
October the children of Rockwell school were able to gather many 
flowers. 

The following varieties did well in the test garden: Asters, Al- 
ternanthera, Ageratum, Sweet Alyssum, Castor Oil plants, Celosia or 
Cockscombs, Coreopsis in variety, Gaillardias. Helianthus Maximil- 
liana, Heleanthus Giganta, Heliopsis, Heliotrope, Spanish Iris, Eng- 
lish Iris, German Iris, Lobelias, African Marigolds, Marvel of Peru or 
Four O'clock, Major Narcissus, Von Sion Narcissus, Golden Spur 
Narcissus, Nasturtiums, Phlox Drummundii, Petunias, Pennisetium, 
Hardy Pinks, Rudbeckia Subtomentosa, Rudbeckia Cut and Come 
Again, Rudbeckia Golden Glow, Stocks, Verbenas, Zinnias, Tulips in 
variety and Gladiolis. 

The following did only fairly well : Dahlias, Erianthus Ravenna, 
Helianthus Soleil d'or. Balsams, Hydrangea Hortensia, Helichrysum, 
Moon Flowers, Tall Marigolds, and Tritomas or Red Hot Pokers. 

The following were failures : Anthemis Tinctoria, Boltonia, Col- 
eus. Cosmos, Eulalia (grasses) in variety, Helenium Autumnal, Holly- 
hocks, Monarda Didyma, Hardy Phlox, Salvia. 

This fall (1902) a larger number of unpotted bulbs, 7,000, have been 
sent to the schools, and the fragrance and beauty of the flowers will be 
enjoyed dr.ring the coming spring. The plan of potting this last sup- 
ply at the buildings was a good one, as the pupils having seen the work 
done may experiment at home. To many of the children this kind of 
plant is new and wonderful. They have seen the bulbs planted, and 
now after weeks of waiting, the tiny green shoots appear. They watch 
day by day. the sprout growing higher and higher, tenderly unfolding 
the bud in its upward reach to the light. Then picture their delight on 
returning some morning and finding blossoms whose brilliant coloring 
and sweet fragrance will be a joy for many days. 

^ The general interest aroused by the work of the Association sug- 
gested to one of our prominent daily papers the offering of cash prizes 
for the best garden and window boxes. This contest was first an- 
nounced on May 10th, 1P02, as open to all amateurs, regardless of 
whether the seeds were purchased from the Home Gardening Associa- 
tion or not. About two hundred persons entered the competition and 
a committee of the Association was appointed to view the gardens 
and award the prizes. 

Another friend of the work offered prizes of bulbs for the best 

38 



beds of flowers grown by children, and these were also visited by the 
committee, and the prizes awarded. 

The special feature of the year 1902-<»3 was the ofifering" of prizes 
by the Association, first, for the best garden, and, second, to the 
schools having the best Flower Shows. The report of 1903 contains 
this account : 

The Home Gardening .\ssociati()n offered as prizes in this com- 
petition : 

$10.00 f()r the best flower garden in the city, in class A. 

$10.00 for the best flower garden in the city, in class B. 

$10.00 for the best flov.-er garden in the city, in class C. 

The contest was oper. to amateurs who signified a desire to enter 
bv June 15. The same person could compete for the prizes in two 
classes only. All gardens and flowers to receive consideration must 
have been planted by the owner, or a member of the family. The 
awards wen- determined b\' the arrangement and neatness, as well as 
by the quantity and variet\' of the flowers. 

The judges, C. E. Kendall and Howard J. Strong, in making 
their report said: "Twenty-one wards out of twenty-six were repre- 
sented. One ward had nine contestants. There were several instances 
where your committee had to decide between two or three really fine 
gardens that would easilv have received first prize in other wards. 
There were many more fine gardens in the city than last year. Scores 
might have entered and tnken prizes." 

A number of interesting things were noted by those who inspected 
gardens in all parts of the city. The number of gardens cutivated. 
where natural conditions are hardest to overcome, was surprising. The 
care taken in such places to select only the most hardy plants was al- 
most universal. On one street neighbors combined to improve the ap- 
pearance of back yards. Here flowers were grown on each lot, and 
vmes covered the open wire fences which separated one lot from an- 
other. Everywhere the profusion of color l)rought into bold relief 
adjoining barren spots. 

The following is an account of the co-operation of one of Cleve- 
land's pubic spirited citizens: 

Tlic DcUcubaiigh Prices In May, Judge Dellenbaugh offered 
bulbs as prizes for the best gardens, one reason for the offer being that: 
"The completion of our Park System and the adornment of our yards 
with shrubs and flowers will make Cleveland old mother earth's match- 
less beauty spot." The prizes were : 

Class A. 1st prize, for best flower garden in each ward, lot 30 
feet front — 200 tulip bulbs. 

39 



Class B. 1st prize, for the best flower garden in each ward, lot 
30 to 50 feet front — 200 tulip bulbs. 

Class C. 1st prize, for the best window box in each ward — 200 
tulip bulbs. 

Class D. 1st prize, for best flower bed in each ward for each of 
the following varieties : asters, cannas, dahlias, four o'clocks, gladioli, 
marigolds, nasturtiums (climbing or dwarf,) phlox drummondi, salvia 
splendens, sweet peas, verbenas, zinnias, vines — 200 crocus bulbs. 

Flozver Shozvs. On the first of June announcement of a flower 
show competition was sent to the school buildings, with a request 
from Superintendent Moulton that it be read to the pupils. 

"The Home Gardening Association proposes to award prizes for 
the best flower shows to be given at school buildings between Septem- 
ber 15 and October 15. There will be four first prizes and four second 
prizes as follows : 

"First prize of $10 and. second prize of $5 for best shows at build- 
ings on the east side, division 1, boundaries announced later. 

"First prize of $10 and second prize of $5 for best shows at build- 
ings on the east side, division 2, boundaries announced later. 

"First prize of $10 and second prize of $5 for the first and second 
best shows at buildings on the south side. 

"First prize of $10 and second prize of $5 for the best and second 
best shows at buidings on the west side. 

"Further particulars of these shows and prizes will be announced 
during September, the object of this advance notice being to arouse 
an interest during the planting and growing season." 

The schools were divided into four groups, according to size or 
location, and in September a circular gave notice of the division in 
which each school belonged. This circular contained the following: 
"The Committee of the Home Gardening Association in charge of 
these exhibitions has appointed a jury of award, who, upon notice of 
an exhibition to be held in your buiding, will visit same at a time 
named by you. As the object of the Association is to encourage the 
glowing of flowers in home gardens, it is expected that only such flow- 
ers will be shown, but no positive restriction is made, except that the 
money received for a prize shall be used to beautify the school or 
grounds. If your school expects to compete, please notify the com- 
mittee." 

40 




41 



In response to this invitation, twenty-four schools entered the 
contest : 

The report of the coramittee of award, consisting of Messrs. H. 
J. Strong, C. E. Kendall, R. E. Miles, Charles Orr, and J." M. Siddall, 
commented thus upon the result: "The Association is to be congratu- 
lated upon the result of its work as shown in the great improvement 
in this year's exhibitions as compared with those of previous years. 
Last year the total number of shows did not exceed eight, while this 
year the number was just trebled, twenty-four schools entering the 
contest, this being one-third the total number of grade schools in the 
city. Aside from the reg'.ilar competitors, upwards of thirty schools 
held shows without entering the contest, thus bringing the total num- 
ber interested to considerably over two-thirds of the schools in the city. 

"Moreover, instead of finding that the exhibits were largely the 
result of the efforts of teachers or a small number of the children, as 
has often been the case, it was usually reported that a very large pro- 
portion contributed to the success of the show, while in one case the 
principal said that she was certain every child in her school had a gar- 
den and, as far as she knew, there was not one who did not bring some 
offering of flowers. 

"The number of shows and the quantity of flowers displayed not 
only was increased, but the taste shown in selection and arrangement 
gives evidence of a growing appreciation. Unique and artistic designs 
arranged bv the children, while in one case a corridor some sixty feet 
in length, leading up to the flower show, had been decorated with flow- 
ers and leaves. The enthusiasm, also, which was in evidence, has been 
a source of satisfaction. 

The new features for the spring of 1904 are two : First, the em- 
ployment by the Board of Education of a professional Nature Study 
lecturer to conduct the illustrated lectures, combining Home Gardening 
with other Nature Study topics. 

The second of these is School Gardens. 

This new feature met v/ith the hearty approval and support of 
the superintendent and director of schools. 

The gardens were int-oduced into four districts, where individual 
gardens, to the number of thirty or forty, averaging about five by nine 
feet, were set off for the pupils of a single class selected by the Prin- 
cipal of the school. The gardens are to be planted in vegetables, all 
the work to be done bv and all the products thereof to belong to the 
young gardeners. The Principal of the school and the teacher of the 

42 




43 



class are to have charge of the work, aided by the direction and super- 
vision of an expert in this work. 

A summary of the growth and extension of the work will be of in- 
terest. 

The number of packages of seeds sent out in 1900 was 48,868 ; in 
1904, 159,012, including 32,000 gladioli corms. 

Flower shows began with six in 1900, and there were fifty-four in 
1903. The number of lectures given in 1901-2 were twelve, in 1903-4 
thirty-four were given. The number of school yards improved since 
1901 are fifty-eight. 

In 1900-1, 3,000 potted bulbs sent to school buildings; 1901-2, 
7,000 unpotted bulbs ; 1902-3, 11,000 unpotted ; in 1903-4 no bulbs were 
supplied by the Association, the excess money being expended other- 
wise, but the schools were given opportunity to order bulbs through 
the Association, thereby securing specially unpotted bulbs at cost price. 
Schools ordered the astonishing number of 40,000 bulbs. 

This is a summary of the phases of the work — but who could sum 
up the influences set in motion thereby? 

The direct influence of the Home Gardening work upon the Na- 
ture Study, which has held an important place in our curriculum for 
many years, is marked. Our efforts to bring about an intimate ac- 
quaintance and secure a vivid interest in the development of plant life, 
from seed to fruit, in the school window gardens, have been immeasur- 
ably aided and forwarded by the work of the children in their home 
gardens. They are able to bring their own specimens for class work, 
and this of itself gives added zest and interest. They have learned to 
appreciate the value of rain and sunshine, and to understand their dis- 
tribution as to time and place ; to watch and study for themselves the 
germination of the seed, the growth of the plant, its bud and its bloom ; 
to know many flowers before unfamiliar to them ; to note the peculiar 
features of each ; to distinguish colors and recognize their shades and 
tints. 

The value of this work to the schools from the standpoint of the 
teachers can be best expressed in the words of one of them : "Four 
years ago, when this work was first introduced into the schools, it was 
not looked upon with favor by all. But it was then in the experimental 
stage : Year by year, the work of selling and distributing the seeds 
has been so simplified that it now meets with universal approbation, 
and keen regret would be felt if it were discontinued. 

There is no part of the world of nature that so readily appeals to 
the senses as trees and flowers, and in none of her kingdoms is she so 

41 




2g 



45 



lavish of her gifts. There can be no formal lesson in nature study. The 
best lesson is that which opens up a new vista and, by directing the ob- 
servation, increases knowledge, and enlarges the capacity for enjoy- 
ment of the beautiful in life. Of what help has the Association been 
in this way? It has placed within the reach of every pupil in the 
schools the means of making a practical illustration of that part of 
nature study relating to soil, weather, and flowers, and of experiment- 
ing by following out instructions or suggestions received in class. It 
has brought the pupils into closer touch with nature, and opened new 
visions of beauty, by its annual distribution of bulbs and of carefully 
selected seeds. 

Besides this our pupils have so many new ideas on plants and 
flowers, and are so anxious to communicate their thoughts and their 
successes, that they must have words to express themselves, and so 
they are constantly adding to their vocabulary. This, too, has been 
accomplished through the work of the Association ; what the result 
will be, who can tell?" 

That the work of the Association has a significant civic influence 
is attested by the two following communications, one coming early in 
the life of the Association and the second quite recently. 

The following letter to Mr. Haines came in response to a note 
written by him in behalf of the Home Gardening Association to the 
Park Board : 

Cleveland, Nov. 3, 1900. 
Mr. Haines: — 

Dear Sir : — Referring to yours of the 26th, I have to say that the 
Park Board has already taken action in the direction of your recom- 
mendation on the behalf of the Home Gardening Association, and has 
ordered a large quantity of bulbs for early spring growth and flowering, 
to be placed in the Public Square and other suitable localities in con- 
nection with the Parks. 

Yours truly, 

(Signed) J. G. W. Cowles, 
President. 

Forty thousand of these bulbs were placed in Monumental Park 
alone. 

One of the local organizations, the Slavic Alliance, which used the 
seeds, sent through its president the following communication: 

"The Slavic Alliance was organized in Cleveland in December, 
1902. Its field of activity and service is among the people of Slavic 
origin. The Slavic race is represented in our city by members of the 

46 



following nationalities, here given in the order of their numerical 
strength, namely: Bohemians. Poles, Slovaks, Slovenes, Croatians 
and Russians. By birth or descent there live today in Cleveland about 
100,000 persons of Slavic blood. The Slavic Alliance is a non-sectarian 
organization, its objects being purely educational and philanthropic. 
As stated in its constitution, its purposes are: 'To foster a spirit of 
kinship among the people of Slavic origin for the purpose of uplifting 
the race ; to aid them in all that tends to their moral, social and intel- 
lectual advancement ; to assist them in the defense of their common in- 
terests, and to teach them the rights and duties of American citizen- 
ship.' 

"The work of the Home Gardening Association of Cleveland was 
called to the attention of the members of the executive body of the 
Alliance, which consists of delegates from the various lodges or socie- 
ties of the different nationalities. The beneficial results of this work, 
both material and moral, appealed to all, and it was decided to begin 
our part in the crusade for a more beautiful and healthful Cleveland, 
and to arouse in our people a greater civic pride. And so we incor- 
porated as a permanent feature the home gardening movement in our 
working program. 

'"The Slavic newspapers of Cleveland, and even some in other 
cities, heartily endorsed the home gardening movement and encouraged 
it. Many orders for seeds were received from points outside of Cleve- 
land. In 1903 the Slavic Alliance bought from the Home Gardening 
Association 05,000 packages of seeds ; these were in addition to those 
purchased by the children of Slavic parents who attend the Public 
Schools. 

"For the year 1904 the Slavic Alliance is making preparations to 
give a greater impulse to this movement. Among other things 25,000 
copies will be issued in four different languages of a pamphlet upon 
home gardening and home improvement, containing instructions and 
hints as to successful cultivation, and dealing separately with each 
variety of flowers in this year's list. The Alliance seeks to meet the 
situation in the most practical way, and hopes to realize in some humble 
measure the fruits of these efforts for the good of our fair city and for 
the enrichment of its civic life." 

The plant that springs into life and blossoms in a day, is often 
beautiful but always short-lived. The plant of slower growth is sturd- 
ier and long-lived. So with our Association. With a wise conserva- 
tism, the Home Gardening Association work in the schools began 
simply, with distributing seeds to the Primary Grades, but year by 

47 



year has extended this work and widened its scope until it now em- 
braces the many phases herein set forth. 

A well-known Landscape Gardening Magazine expresses this es- 
timate of this work : 

"The results have been surprising, but they substantiate the wis- 
dom of the oft-expressed idea that to gain immediate results for any 
effort in the direction of the improvement of home surroundings as a 
national issue, it must be made through the medium of the Public 
School children, whose influence in the community has not yet been 
thoroughly appreciated of its final value." 

If an increasing proportion of our population is destined to live 
in cities which destroy the ordinary aesthetic influences of nature, then 
any effort to conserve in the mind of the child a love for beauty, and 
to teach simple ways in which that love may be gratified, cannot fail in 
time to make an impression upon the poorest and most confined areas 
of the twentieth century city. Above all, the plan here outlined carries 
for the practical-minded who desire to do something for the betterment 
of the communities in which they live a recommendation not often at- 
tached to plans of this kind — it pays for itself. 



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